In September 2024, the U.S. Congress proposed Bill H.R. 9864, the 2024 Food Packaging PFAS Ban Act, which prohibits the intentional addition of PFAS (per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances) in food packaging. Under this proposal, Section 31 of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 331) will be amended to include a provision that, starting January 1, 2025, prohibits the introduction or delivery of food packaging containing intentionally added PFAS in interstate commerce. In this proposal, "PFAS" refers to synthetic perfluoroalkyl or polyfluoroalkyl substances containing at least one perfluorinated carbon atom.

The key reason for the use of PFAS in food packaging is its excellent performance, meeting the packaging's need for water, oil, and stain resistance. The molecular structure of PFAS contains strong fluorocarbon bonds, which give it outstanding heat resistance and oil-repellent properties. Therefore, PFAS is commonly used in the outer packaging of burgers, fried chicken, and pizzas to prevent oil from seeping into the outer layer and to create waterproof coatings. Despite its advantages in food packaging, the non-degradability and potential health risks of PFAS may cause it to migrate from packaging materials into food, posing potential long-term health risks (such as liver, endocrine, and immune system effects) with prolonged exposure.

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